[連載史話]
A Quick Glance on the
History of Taiwan 台灣史
(18) 黨外民主運動
蔣經國上台;  黨外民主運動
●  回  目   錄
台語文  (MLT/TMSS) 原           文
(,[下段]
Cviuo Kengkog Cviuxtaai
    1972-nii 5-goeh, Cviuo Kaesek kab Giaam Kakaxm ciuxjim Tionghoaa-Binkog Toe-
5-Jim Cviax'Hux-Zofngthorng.
Hitjit, Cviuo Kaesek ka yn-
kviar, ciuxsi goanlaai Hengzexng-vi ee Huo'vixtviuo
Cviuo Kengkog, themiaa-zox
Hengzexng-vIxtviuo.    5-goeh 26-jit, ti Libhoad-vi tittioh
mxbad-u ee koaan-tegphiox-lut,
93.38%, tong'ix.   Citnii, Cviuo Kaesek ykefng 85-hoex, ar 
Cviuo Kengkog si 63-hoex.
Ciahniq'lau ee Cviuo Kaesek, zofngsoaxn thafng ansym ciofng y ee koaan kaw ho y ee kviar, Cviuo Kengkog-sitai ciu afnny khaisie laq.
    Citsii Taioaan ee zerngti-
hengthaix iao si zengti-tan'ui
bukhofng-putjip ar susiorng-
kaoiok itgoaan-hoax ee uikoaan-thofngti.   Suijieen uikoaan-
thofngti ee pwncid iawboe piexn, khioksi Cviuo Kengkog ee zwzexng si kab yn-lauxpe ee zok'hofng boo-siokaang.   Zoex-benghiern ee si laang sor-korng ee "pwnthor-hoax" ee khaisie. 
    Cidle si: ti Cviuo Kengkog-sitai ciu khaisie khy'iong 
Tai'zeg ee zerngti-zeng'efng, ho yn siafmlo-thiokag.   Ti ycieen, oexthafng cirnjip laixkoq ee Tai'zeg-jinsu cy'u Zhoax Poexhoea kab Lieen Cirntofng nngx'ee. Cviuo Kengkog cide tamjim Hengzexng-vIxtviuo
ciu libkheg toa-pakto kefngtong jinsu, koq taixliong jixm'iong Tai'zeg-jinsu jibkoq, Hux-vIxtviuo ia thaau-cidpae khy'iong Tai'zef-jinsu Chii Kherngciofng.   16-ee koh'oaan-tiofng ciu u 6-ee Tai'zeg-jinsu, ciah'ee ciuxsi tefngbin sor-korng ee Chii Kherngciofng ygoa, iao u Liim Kimsefng (Laixzexng-Po), Kof Giogchiu (Kauthofng-Po), Lieen Cirntofng (Zerngbu-
y'oaan), Liie Lienzhwn (Zerngbu-Uy'oaan), kab Liie Tenghuy (Zerngbu Uy'oaan) terng.   Koq u Taipag
Chixtviuo Tviw Hongsu.   Ar
Serng-Zwsek ia iuu Tai'zeg ee
Cia Tongbirn laai zhutjim.
   Koeakhix ee Taioaan-Serng Zwsek zhefng-itseg long iuu
goaxserng-laang laai tamjim, tvaf tuy Cviuo Kengkog-sitai-
khie, khaisie khy'iong Tai'zeg-jinsu laai tamjim;
ciah'ee laang ciuxsi Cia Tongbirn, Liim vIukarng, Liie Tenghuy, Khw Zhornghoaxn terng ee laang, lorng si Cviuo Kengkog sor-thepoat ee.
    Zaix+ciar, kab Cviuo Kaeseg 
svapie, Cviuo Kengkog khaq-boo cipbee ti "hoafnkofng-Taixlio",
ar eng khaq-buxsit ee thaeto 
laai cirnheeng Taioaan ee kiernsied.   Cviuo Kaesek ciofng toaxliong ee zailek, budlek kab zenglek, khngx ti "hoafnkofng-
Taixliok" ee zerngti-sin'oe-
terng, haixtid zoexzoe siaxhoe kab binsefng ee kiernsied lorng tioh tarn-kaux hoafnkofng-
Taixliok y'au ciaq laai korng.
Cviuo Kengkog hiefnjieen zaiviar boo-laau ti Taioaan
boexsae laq, sof'ie ciu kakirn 
Taioaan ee kiernsied ee logsit. 
    1973-nii 12-goeh 16-jit, y thezhud boeq ti 5-nii-lai oanseeng "zabtai-kiernsied" ee kea'oeh, paukoad Laam- Pag-Kosog-Konglo, Thohngg Kokzex Kitviuu, Taitiofng-
Karng, Thihlo Tiexnkhix-hoax, Pak'hoee-Konglo, So'ox-Karng, Liexnkngx-Chviuo, Zoxzuun-Chviuo, Cioq'iuu-Hoarhak-Kanggiap kab Hegleeng-Tiexnchviuo.  Cit'zabhang kiensied ee toa-poxhun, kofjieen ti Taioaan ee kengzex-kiensied-siong hoat'huy-tioh tioxng'iaux ee zok'iong. 
   Ti Cviuo Kengkog cviuxtaai ee siky, Taioaan twtuo biexnliim-tioh laixgoa-aplek kaukaf ee sizun,   Tuix goa,
thoeazhud Lienhabkog, u zoexzoe kokkaf, paukoad Jidpurn, siongkex toaxnkaw;  tuix lai, kengzex ee zengsex toeatioh goaxkaw ee zhorpai, 
ar cviazox boex'urn.    Cviuo
Kengkog cviuxtaai hitnii (1972), sinzherng hiornggoa ibiin ee jinsox pie ofnglieen zexngkaf 8-poe, afnny zukym ee goaxliuu
huisioong giamtiong.   1973-nii koq phoxngtioh thaau-cidpae ee cioq'iuu-guiky, zoankiuu-sexng ee kengzex soethoex ka khortioh goaxbo laai khykef ee Taioaan toaxtoa cirnham.   1974-nii ee
kengzex-sengtiorng-lut ciaq u 1.1%, pie uxkex ee 9.5% siongzhaf thaix-hng;  koq kanggiap-sengtiorng-lut kefngjieen si 4.5%, pie uxkex ee
14.5% siongzhaf kefngkaf toa.
Tngnii ee thonghoex-phengtioxng
koaan-kaux 47.8%, kengzex-
chitviuu ciu thenghien khongcieen ee huxnloan. 
    Zabtoa-kiernsied khiog suxnli
huitong, phoeahap-tioh kokzex-
kengzex-zenghorng ee ciaxmciam hoehok, Taioaan ciaq
toxkoex hit'ee cioq'iuu-guiky.
    Kaux 1975-nii, kengzex-
sengtiorng-lut ciu hoehog-kaux 4.2%, ar kaux 1976-nii ciu kaux 13.5%, zhorngzo-tioh khongcieen ee kielok.   Kanggiap-
sengtiorng-lut iatuy 1975-nii ee 8.5% sengkhie-kauc 1976-nii ee
24.4%, ar thonghoex-phengtiorng
ciu tioxngsym kaxng-kaux 10% ylai.
    1976-nii 4-goeh 5-jit, 88-hoex ee Cviuo Kaesek Zofngthorng
phoarpvi koeasyn, Giaam Kakaxm Hux-Zofngthorng keajim Zifngthorng.   Cviuo Kengkog ciu ti hitgoeh ee 28-jit, torngsoarn Kokbiin-Torng ee zwsek, cviazox torng ee lefngsiux, afnny zerngti-sidkoaan
ciu loqjip y ee iafng'ag-tiofng.
    1978-nii, boeq soafnkuo toe-6-jim zofngthorng yzeeng, 
Giaam Kakaxm ciu piawsi boboeq kexngsoarn lienjim.
ar tuix Kokbintorng ee Tiongsioong-Hoe kierngi boeq themiaa Cviuo Kengkog zox zofngthorng ee hauxsoarn-
jiin. 
    Cviuo Kengkog ti 3-goeh 21-jit, kengkoex Kokbiin-Taixhoe ee soarnkuo, torngsoarn-zox Zorngthorng.   Y sor-thiausoarn ee Cia Tongbirn ia ti kehjit ciu torngsoran-zox Hux-Zofngthorng.  Afnny, cit'ee syn ee Cviuo Zofngthorng cid'e zhud+laai, yzeeng ee lau ee Cviuo Zofngthorng ciu kaykiox-zox "Siefn-Zofngthorng Cviuo-Kofng".  Ti binkafn, uxlaang kiox Cviuo Kengkog zox "Cviuo-Kofng Jixsex".
(
"Tofnggoa" Binzuo-Uxntong
   Cirngjip 1970-nitai, Taioaan ciu biexnlim-tioh syn ee piernkiok.   Tuix goa, kokzex-toex'ui tietloh, ti lai, Cviuo Kengkog ciappafn cviuxtaai, sof'ie boeq kiusyn-kiupien ee 
sym ti binkafn zutiorng.  Iukii si, kangsiofng-kengzex ee hoattiern, taetong tiongsarn-
kaikib ee hengkhie, afnny ia taetong zerngti-kaykeg ee iaokiuu, ar chiokcixn binzuo-
uxntong ee hoattiern    Cit'ee kaitvoa ee binzuo-uxntong, ho laang kiorzox "tofnggoa"-
uxntong.
    Taioaan ee binzuo-uxntong kab soafnkuo u bidchied ee koanhe.   Ti itpvoaf cviu-khuyto ee binzuo-kokkaf+nih, soafnkuo lorng u hoat'huy zerngzheg-
gengcip ee kongleeng.   Mxkuo, iu'uu Kokbiin-Torng jib'Taai-
ylaai sor-sidsy ee "toexhngf-
zuxti", kantvaf si cid'ee "pvoax-zuxti" ee hengthaix,
afnny, toexhngf ciu khoatcior 
sizexng-koaan, jinsu-koaan, kerng'ui-koaan, kab kaoiok-koaan; ar tiong'iofng-
bin''ix-taixpiao ti 1969-nii-
yzeeng, siuxtioh "toxng'oaan-
kharmloan" ee thefzex ee haxnzex, ciu boextaxng ho
Taioaan-jinbiin khix kaysoarn.
Tidkaux 1969-nii-au, kengkoex "toxng'oaan-kharmloan-sikii
limsii-tiaukhvoar" ee siukae-au, 
ia cy'u ho laang kaesoarn kitiofng ee sior-poxhun naxtvia.  (Zef ciuxsi sof'ui ee "pofsoarn" kab "zexnggiah-soafngkuo".)
Zu-afnny, Taioaan suijieen u soafnkuo, khioksi bo'u hoat'huy zerngzheg-gengzu ee kongleeng. Mxkuo, soafnkuo khioksi  u siongtofng thengto ee bincioxng-
kaoiok ee zok'iong.   Iukiiti tngkii ee kaegiaam kab peqseg-
khiofngpox ee serngti-ha, jinbiin
ti pengsioong si bo'u cibho kab kietsia ee zux'iuu-khongkafn ee.  Afnny, soafnkuo na cid'ee kaux, soafnkuo-oaqtang ciu  thekioxng ho zaix'iar ee ixgi-jinsu u
cid'ee "thefzex-lai" ee hoatgieen sitvoa.  Zef ti buheeng-
tiofng ciu ka zaix'iar ee hoafntuix-jinsu thekioxng-tioh cid'ee binzuuo-uxntong ee uxntong-tviuu.   Sof'ie, Taioaan ee binzuo-uxntong, zhaputtof lorng kab soafnkuo-oaqtang teq tongpo cirnheeng ee.   Zu 70-nitai-khie, thaokoex "Tong'oaan Kharmloan-Tiaukhvoar" ee siukae, "sexnggiah ee tiong'iofng-bin'ix-taixpiao soafnkuo" tittioh khaihoxng 
laq. 
Suijieen "zexnggiah" kantvaf ciarmtioh Kokhoe-zofnggiah ee sior-poxhun, ciu boextaxng hoat'huy gixhoe-zerngti ee kongleeng, mxkuo Tiong'iofng-
Bin'ix-Taixpiao ee soafnkuo ee zexngkaf, ka "tofnggoa" ee binzuo-uxntong thekioxng syn ee ciotiaau phaoto.
    "Tofnggoa" ciktux oe, goanlaai cysi tuix huy-Kokbiin-
Torng ee thongzhefng, khioksi
kaux 70-nitai yi ee taixliong sw'iong, ciu cviazox hoafntuix-
uxntong-jinsu ee kioxngtoong ee 
hoxcix.   Ti cit'ee hoxcix-cy-ha,
yn kengkoex kuypae ee soafnkuo
ciu ciokciam kietcviaa cidkor ee
zaix'iar ee zerngti-thoanthea.
Cit'ee zaix'iar-zerngthoaan ee hoattiern-iefnpiexn, thafng hwn-cviaa 3-ee kaitvoa laai koanzhad.
    Thaau-cid'ee kaitvoa si 1969-nii 1977-nii tiongkafn ee
Tofnggoa ee phithay-kii. 
    1969-nii 11-goeh, Khngf Lengsioong ti Taipag-Chi kayzex-au thaau-cidkaix Chi-
Gix'oaan ee soafnkuo-tiofng 
thoat'erng-jii-zhud, ar tongnii
12-goeh, Ngg Srnkaix tofngsoarn-tioh pofsoarn ee Libhoad-Uy'oaan.   Zu zef y'au, 1972-nii ee Tiong'iofng-
Bintai ee soafnkuo, 1973-nii ee Toexhngf-soafnkuo, ykip 1975-nii ee Tiong'iofng-Bintai-
soafnkuo, Taioaan zoantor lorng u Tofnggoa-jinsu zhamsoarn. Ti koktoe kwpan ee supan ee 
zerngkiexn-hoatpiao-hoe lorng
zoxseeng baxnjiin-khanghang ee zongkoafn-tviubin, ho Taioaan binkhix jixciam-sengkof.
    Cittvoa sikii ee soafnkuo-
oaqtang, suijieen u kiogpo-
sexzng ee liensiuo-kexngsoarn,
chinchviu 1973-nii ee Taipag-
Chi Gix'oaan soafnkuo ee
"Tofnggoa 4-jiin Lienhap-Tixnsvoax",  ti zerngthea laai korng, iao boextaxng hengseeng zoan'Kor-sexng ee zerngthoaan. 
    Kaux 1977-nii Toexhngf 5-hang Kongcid soafnkuo, "Tofnggoa" ee hoattiern cirnjip toe-2 kaitvoa.  Ti citpae ee soafnkuo, zoantor eng "Tofnggoa" ee miagi kexngsoarn ee 
laang u cviazoe.   Khngf Lengsioong kab Ngg Sirnkaix nngx'ee tofnggoa Lib'uie ti zoantor lampag phaunzao, sunhoee zoxsoarn, laai chiokseeng Tofnggoa zoantor-sexng ee 
zhoarnlieen; ar Khor Sirnlioong, Liim Gixhioong, Tviw Zurnhoong terng ee tieseg-
zeng'efng ee zhamsoarn, ciu irncixn kohkhaq-zoe ee taixhak-
sefng, giefnkiux-sefng ykip tvaciaq zu taixhak pitgiap ee
tieseg-zhenglieen taujip soafnciexn, tamjim box'au ee zoxsoarn-kangzog. 
 Citpae ee
soafnkuo si Taioaan sidsy toexhngf-zuxti-ylaai kuiboo zoeatoa ee cidpae soafnkuo,
citsii sor-zham'uo ee bincioxng ee zoe, zengsu ee koaan, si cieen sor-bixkiexn ee.    Khuiphiox tngjit, ciu hoatsefng-
tioh Tiongleik-Suxkvia.  Citpae
ee soafnkuo-kietkor, "Tofnggoa" u zoexzoe siuhek: Serng Gix'oaan u 21-sek, Taipag Chi-Gix'oaan u tittioh 6-sek.
    Zoan'Serng zhoarnlieen ee kietkor, ti kehnii (1978-nii) ee Tiong'iofng Bin'ix-Taixpiao ee
soafnkuo, u kohkhaq-zoe koaan-haglek ee Tofnggoa-jinsu, chinchviu Lu Siuuolieen, Iaau Kabuun terng ee laang taujip soafnciexn, ar Tofnggoa ia cixn-cidpo zoseeng "Taioaan Tofnggoa-Jinsu Zoxsoarn-
Thoaan", thaokoex thoanthea-
hongseg sunhoee zoan'Tor laai zoxsoarn, koq thezhud "12-Toa-
Zerngti-Kiernsied" cviazox Tofnggoa ee kioxngtoong zerngkiexn.  Khofsioq, ti citpae kerngsoarn-oaqtang-tiofng, in'ui Bykog soanpox kab Tiongkiong 
(Pakkviaf) kiernkaw, Taioaan-zernghuo ciu libkheg tiongcie soafnkuo-oaqtang.
    Soafnkuo suijieen tiongcie, taxnsi Tofnggoa-hausoarn-jiin
khioksi eng sekgoa-zuxhoe ee kuncioxng-loxsvoax laai thuitiern uxntong.   Cit'ee kietkor ciu ho 1979-nii 
cviazox Tofnggoa ee tosu-cy-chiw.
    Siwsiefn u Uu Tenghoad pe-
kviar ee "Siabhiaam Goo 
Thae'afn Huytiap-Axn" ee
siu-liah, jien'au ciu u Tofnggoa-jinsu khornggi Uu+sy pe-kviar siu-liah ee Kiothaau Six'uy,hiorngtioh lexheeng 30-nii ee kaygiaam-leng thiauciexn.   Kohzaix laai ee si, Tho'hngg Koaxntviuo Khor Sirnlioong in'ui zhamkaf six'uy laai siuxtioh thengkoaan-zhuohwn, ciu koq ynhoad itlienzhoxn ee koethaau-khornggi-oaqtang.   6-goeh-y'au, "Tofnggoa Hauxsoarn-jiin Liengii-hoe" senglip, khix koktoe kwpan tuix kuncioxng ee iefnkarng.   Ti kuncioxng-cibhoe ee jiedliet ee khiehwn-ha, "80-nitai" kab "Byle-Tor" cit'nngxpurn zabcixti 6-goeh kab 8-goeh ciu zhorngkhafn laq.
    "Byle-Tor" Zabcix-Sia ti zoan'Tor koktoe sietlip hunsia,
koq eng kherngciog hunsia ee
zhornglip ee miagi ti zoan'Tor kwpan iefnkarng-hoe.
    Jiedliet ee Bin'un, ho cipzexnt-tongkiok toaxtoa put'afn. Koq ti hitnii (1979-nii)
ee 12-goeh 10-jit, hoatsefng Kohioong-Suxkvia (ia kiorzox 
Byle-Tor-Suxkvia).  Zef si in'ui "Byle-Tor"-Zabcix-Sia ti Kohioong kwheeng Seakaix-
Jinkoaan-Jit ee Kie'liam-
Taixhoe, ciu hoatsefng kegliet ee kefng'biin-chiongtut.   3-jit-au, Kefngpi-Zofngpo ciu zhayzhuo peklek-hengtong, tuix Tofnggoa-jinsu cirnheeng zoan'Tor-sexng ee taixpo-
hengtong zoexzoe zeng'efng-
hunzuo hunpiet eng suhoad kab kunhoad laai khysox koq phvoarheeng. yle-Tor-Suxkvia ho kengkoex 10-nii kansyn gengzu-zhudlaai ee Tofnggoa Zerngthoaan ti itseg-cy-kafn
zhaputtof thopafng-oafkae.   Byle-Tor-Suxkvia ee hoatsefng, ho ofnggoa-uxntong ee toe-2-kaitvoa ciaxmkox it'toaxnloh. Ar Kunhoad-
Toaxsirm ee cienmii, ciuxsi 1980-nii 12-goeh 28-jit koq hoatsefng cirnhaai hae-laixgoa ee Liim Gixhioong-katiofng Zofswn-Miax'axn, ho zerngti khiehwn tietjip iusiofng ee koktoea.
原著: 李筱峰教授        台文翻譯: 林繼雄教授