[連載史話]
李筱峰 教授 著: 台灣史
(5) 17-18 世紀
  三年一小反,五年一大亂; 統治者的義民;
漢語族拓荒,原住民心慌
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台語文  (MLT/TMSS) 原 文
(  [下段]
3-Nii 1-Siofhoarn, 5-Nii 1-Toaxloan
   Tuliao haitox ygoa, Zhefng-ti sitai ti Taioaan iao u hoatsefng "binpiexn".   Lieen Gvaftoong ti "Taioaan Thongsuo"-tiofng korng: "Taioaan ee poaxnpiexn, mxsi jinbiin kaki poaxnpiexn ee.
si siuxtioh chiekeg ciaq khie ee".   Cit'ee iesux cviabeeng, naxboo "kvoaf-peg", zuxjieen  ciu boo "biin-hoarn".
   Zhefng-tai, kvoali ee huopai si u y ee kietkox-siong ee insox ee.   Boafnzhefng-zernghuo phaelaai Taioaan ee kvoali, yn ee jixmkii si 3-nii, koq boextaxng toax kakoaxn laai. 
Kvoali lorng khvoax siu-phaix laai Taioaan zox uietoo, ciu bozuun kwtngg khiaxkie ee sym, afnny yn ciu sym-putzaix-iefn, guxsu-thui'uii.   Bunkvoaf zaix'Taai nngxnii-goa, twtuo khaisie boeq zai'viar hoankerng ciu tioh tiaozao.
  Afnny ciah'ee
kipkib boeq tngr+khix ee kvoali
tiaxm Taioaan ee sii ciu piawhien-tioh sof'ui ee "hwnlien-koex ee buleeng (trained incapacity)"ee kvoaliaau-
mopvi.  Koq u "thvy-koaan, hongtex-hng" ee simthaix, ciu cviaa-iong'vi hoaxntioh "kochviar thamzofng", "sioxngha kichiuo" ee mopvi.   Tuliao
ciah'ee, Zheng-tai ee jixmkvoaf
zhayzhuo "hoephiaq" ee zeato,
pwntoe-laang boextaxng ti pwntoe jixmkvoaf, kantvaf thafng eng goaxtoe-laang.   In'ui yn boexhiao Banlaam-oe kab 
Khehkaf-oe, ciu tioh khy'iong pwntoe-laang laai zox yn ee jiawgaa.   Sof'ie Taioaan ee lixti itttit paixhoai putkhafm.
Zef kaux 19-seakie-tiong'iap, 
iao u cid'ee ti Taioaan ee Pengpi-To ee Chii Zongkaxn  boo-khehkhix ciu korng: "Kokserng lixti ee bae, si Baan zoex-giamtiong, Baan-tiofng lixti ee bae, si Taioaan zoex-giamtiong".   Taioaan cviarsi cviazox thamkvoaf-uoli ee cibsaxn-toe.
   Taioaan, tuliao phvae-kvoali si Zhefng-kog-tiofng ee zoex-giamtiong ee ygoa, soeakym ee tang iaxsi Zhengkog-
laixtoe  ee nngxpoe.   Koq Taioaan ee byniuu kengsioong tengsiw ciu saxng-khix Hokkiexn cirnzay, Taioaan kvafnar si Hokkiexn ee sidbiin-toe.  Afnny, ti "cidciaq guu pag nngxteeng phoee" ee seng'oah kiapphang-tiofng, cviazoe longbiin kab iubiin ciu "therng-jii-zaohiarm", "zuxcioxng khorngkvoaf".
    Zaix+ciar, Taioaan binpiexn hiah'zoe, iao u cid'ee siaxhoe-insox.   Ti ciaf, iubiin paxn'iern-tioh tioxng'iaux ee kakseg.   Zoexzoe iubiin si tuy Taixliok thauto lai'Taai ee
tvoasyn-haxn, ciuxsi sof'ui ee "lohaxn-khaf", yn boo kaseg, boo hengsarn, boo korteng ee kangzog, chiahsyn-cidlaang teq bosefng.   Citkuun laang ti siaxhoe ee kiapphang-tiofng teq sengzuun, koq boexatxng svikwn, ciu cviazox siaxhoe ee pien'ieen-laang (marginal),   Yn ti tngkii ee khurnkhor-tiong, zuxjieen poe'viuo-zhud siaxhoe-hagciar sor-korng ee "zankib ieseg (level consciousness)", pyzhuo kafmjiarm laai cviazox "goansie ee hoafnpoan-ciar".
   Taioaan, tuliao phvae-kvoali si Zhefng-kog-tiofng ee zoex-giamtiong ee ygoa, soeakym ee tang iaxsi Zhengkog-laixtoe  ee nngxpoe.   Koq Taioaan ee byniuu kengsioong tengsiw ciu saxng-khix Hokkiexn cirnzay, Taioaan kvafnar si Hokkiexn ee sidbiin-toe.  Afnny, ti "cidciaq guu pag nngxteeng phoee" ee seng'oah kiapphang-tiofng, cviazoe longbiin kab iubiin ciu "therng-jii-zaohiarm", "zuxcioxng khorngkvoaf".
    Zaix+ciar, Taioaan binpiexn hiah'zoe, iao u cid'ee siaxhoe-innsox.   Ti ciaf, iubiin paxn'iern-tioh tioxng'iaux ee kakseg.   Zoexzoe iubiin si tuy Taixliok thauto lai'Taai ee
    Loharnkhaf kab loharnkhaf ee tiongkafn, in'ui "tongkerng-
sionglieen ciu ti buheeng-tiofng hoattiern-zhud tegsuu ee kafmzeeng, afnny "zhap'hied
uii-beeng", kietpaix zox hviati (ti Taioaan-siaxhoe, kietpaix ee hongkhix cviaseng, si u cit'ee legsuo-poexkerng ee). 
    Yn kietpaix-au ciu kiernlip-
khie hietchyn-koanhe, cviazox Taioaan-siaxhoe-tiofng ee cidkor legliong.  Sof'ie, afnny 
kiet'hap-zox-cidkhuix ee iubiin, u cidtvoa cviatngg ee sikafn cviazox Taioaan-binpiexn ee zwto-legliong. 
   Taioaan luxnjip Boafnzhefng-
thofngti-au 37-nii (1721-nii) ee
Zw Itkuix suxkvia-tiofng, sor-
zhamkaf ee huxnzuo, u 80% si iubiin. 
   Ti Boafnzhefng-thofngti ee 212-nii-tiofng, ti Taioaan sor-
hoatsefng ee toa-kuiboo binpiexn, u 70-goa-kvia, kitiofng pexngboo sngrjip sior-kuiboo ee  suxkvia.    Bokoaix, Taioaan-siogguo teq korng: "3-nii 1-siofhoarn, 5-nii 1-toaxloan". 4-Serng ee penglek ciaq ka y pengteng.   Hvortai-hykofng, zuxzhefng "Sibzoaan Lofjiin" ee Khienlioong Hongtex ciofng tixn'ab Liim Sofngbuun ee su labjip y ee "zabtai bwkofng cy-id".   Thafng khvoarzhud hit'ee suxkvia, kuiboo ee toa.
    1862-nii (Zhefng Tongti goannii), ti tiongpo ee toexhngf-
toa-hofgiah-laang Tex Tiauzhwn sudniar Patkoax-hoe ee hoextorng-bincioxng khypefng khorng'Zhefng, ciarmlerng Taioaan ee tiongpo, si Zhefng-tai khorngkvoaf-binpiexn-tiofng sor-kenglek ee sikafn zoeakuo ee.
    Taxnsi ti Zhefng-tai-siaxhoe ee zoexzoe binpiexn, bolun kuiboo ee toa-sior, kisit lorng thiaux-boexzhud thoanthorng ee longbiin-poxtong kab tea'oong kaetiaau-voatai ee boseg.  Eng Zhefng-tai zoeatoa ee Liim Sofngbuun suxkvia laai korng, hit'ee khysu ee cieen-10-nii, ciuxsi 1776-nii, Bykog ykefng 
hoatpiao "Toglip Soangieen", laai khyzhor "Binzuo-
Hiernhoad".   Liim Sofngbuun khysu y'au ee toe-3-nii, ciuxsi 1789-nii, ti Hoatkog ia hoatsefng Toa-Kekbeng, ar thezhud Zuxiuu-Jinkoaan ee lyliam. 
    Bykog ee Toglip-Kiernkog kab Hoatkog ee Toa-Kekbeng lorng eng "zwkoaan-zai-biin" kab "zux'iuu-jinkoaan" zox 
ykuy, sof'ie thafng khvoax, si hiexntai-kokkaf ee keftat-koafn cviazox kixntai-seakaix-suo ee cidkor toxnglek ee.   Ar ti cit'ee tiongkafn, Taioaan ee Liim Sofngbuun khiog iao tiaxm ti thoanthorng-tea'oong ee bebang-tiofng.   Y thauterng tix hongkoafn, sengkhw zheng liongpaau, boeq zox "leeng ee thoanjiin".  Khaksit, sitai-khapo ee logzhaf mxsi thafng eng kuylie-lo laai sngx ee.
([下段]
Thofngti-Ciar ee Gixbiin
   Ti zoexzoe ee khorngkvoaf ee binpiexn-tiofng, korjieen u cinzoe siok ti siaxhoe-kexzaan ee loharnkhaf taukhox ti hit'laixbin, taxnsi ti siaxhoe-
tiofng ma u zhut'hien sof'ui ee "Gixbiin". Yn khia ti kvoahofng citpeeng laai hiabzo kvoahofng khix hoafnzex binpiexn ee sealek.   Tuy zerngti ee koantiarm laai khvoax, "Gixbiin"
kvafnar khiarmkhoeq Taioaan 
ee binzok-zengsiin.    Yn kerngjieen hiabzo goaxlaai ee thofngti-ciar khix appeg kaki ee laang.   Taxnsi taixcix boo-
ciahniq'kafntafn.    Na tuy kengzex kab siaxhoe ee koantiarm laai khvoax, "Gixbiin" khix hiabzo kvoahuo laai tuiekhoxng binpiexn, 
pwncid-siong peng-mxsi eng "iofngho
Zhefng-tiaau" laai zox y ee  goaxntong-lek ee, ar si kunkux-tioh siaxhoe-anteng ee iaokiuu, boeq porho ka'hngg kab safngiap, mx'aix ho khaikhurn ee sengkor hoex ti ittaxn ciaq zox ee. 
    Cit'ee ygoa, hef ma kab Baan-Kheq ykip Ciofng-Zoaan ee chiongtut iwkoafn.  Hiernjieen ti hitsii, Gixbiin ee zogkuun-jixmtoong viakoex zerngti-libtviuu ee soafntek. Zhefng-teeng ciafng'ag-tioh Taioaan-zuxbiin ee serngkeq, sengkofng 
lix'iong-tioh zogkuun-kafn ee mauturn, laai cirnheeng hunhoax, koq ciohlat-suolat, ciaq ka hoafnkhoxng-sealek siaubiet.
   Larn khvoax Liim Sofngbuun suxkvia laai liawkae, y khysu ee sii, kab y kaxngkhoarn si Ciangciw-zek ee laang, ciu kajip hoafnkvoaf ee thoanthea, ar Zoanciw-zek ee laang ciu
cviazox Gixbiin, pangzo kvoahuo laai "Thaizhat-Pofzngf";  koq u Kngftafng-zek ee "Gixsiuo" Liie Ansien to sudniar hiofng+nih ee'iofngsu, khix tykhoxng Liim Sofngbuun.   Sinteg-toexkhw ee Khehkaf-laang ia hiorng'exng tiauteeng ee hoxtiaux, hiabzo Zhefng-teeng khix tixn'ab Liim Sofngbuun.   Ciah'ee laang ciernsie ee, u 200-goa-laang, haikud baizoxng ti Sinteg Sinpof Pangliaau, Zhefng-teeng sux ho yn "Pof-Tiofng" ee 
hongho. Suxkvia-au ti bong-cieen khie biox'uo, zhenghof-zox "Potiofng
Gixbiin-Bio". 
    Zuloo-Koan-sviaa ho Liim Sofngbuun ee hoafnkhoxng-kwn pau'uii kuynax'korgoeh, sviatiofng ee bincioxng seasie hiabzo Zhefng-pefng laai korsiuo.   Khienlioong Hongtex ciu korng: "Kaf+cy hauxsie, putkhix-cy-gi", ar haxciaux kae Zuloo zox "Kagi". 
    Khoflieen, toafnsi koq buty ee Taioaan-jinbiin, kantvaf zai'viar yn tioh u zofzeg-
goanhiofng ee toexhngf-ieseg, koq sviu, tiohaix kox kaki ee 

zogkuun kab zhunlok ee lix'eg, ar boo-paxnhoad kortioh Taioaan-ieseg, ciu afnny ho goaxlaai ee thofngti-zerngkoaan goafnlong-lix'iong, ar tozuix ti "Gixbiin" ee byle hongho.
(
Harnguo-Zok Thok'hofng, Goanzuxbiin Sym Hoatkoong
   Holaan-laang ciarm'Taai 38-nii, suijieen u Harnjiin lai'Taai khaikhurn, yn sor-khaikhurn ee toexkhw cy'u haxntvia ti Kalaam-ittaix.   Tvi+si ee Tongleeng Ongkog suijieen ho jib'Taai ee Harnjiin zexngkaf, koq ho yn ee hunpox-khuhek   hiorngtioh lampag khaitiern, taxnsi yn ee zerngti-kengzex ee
oaqtang kab khaikhurn ee tiongsym iao haxntvia ti lampo-
toexhngf naxtvia. 
    Zhefng-teeng ciarm'Taai y'au, u giamkeq haxnzex Taixliok-
jinbiin toxhae laai'Taai, taxnsi thauto jib'Taai ee, khioksi jidjit zexngkaf, ciu toartong Taioaan-
longgiap ee hoadtiern.   Afnny, thoftoe ee khaihoad tiogciam ti goanlaai ee kizhor-siong hiorngtioh lampag thoktiern.   Mxkuo, Taioaan ee toa-poxhun thoftoe ee thokkhurn, zhaputtof lorng mxsi kvoahuo sor-zox ee, Zhefng-zernghuo tuix Taioaan ee thokkhurn-zerngzheg ia boo-zekkek, kkhofkiexn Taioaan-
thoftoe ee khaihoad sidzai si jinbiin zuxtong cirnheeng ee kietkor.
    1686-nii (Zhefng Khonghy 25-nii) thaau-cidphoef ee Khehkaf-laang cirnjip Ha-
Taxmzuie-Khoef ee penggoaan khaikhurn.  Zef si Pintofng toexkhw siuxtioh keng'eeng ee khaisie.
  1690-nii (Zhefng Khonghy 29-nii) Zuloo-Koan ee Tie'koan Tviw Ong'y tiaucip liubiin laai tiongpo-toexkhw thoktieen
khaikhurn, ar ti 1691-nii (Zhefng Khonghy 30-nii), Hokkiexn Tong'afn-laang Oong Seakied zhoa kviafjii, tid'ar kab hiongjiin 180-goa laang laai khaikhurn Tekzam-Pof (hiexnkym ee Sinteg ittaix), khuy 39 zngf, tidkaux 
Hoxngsvoaf-Kii (hiexnkym ee 
O'khao);   ti 1702-nii (Zhefng Khonghy 41-nii), Hokkiexn 
Ciangciw-laang tengliok Logkarng, hioxng Toaxto-Khoef hwkin Pvipof-zog ee hor-thoftoe, khaithog Toaxto-Zngf (hiexnkym ee Taitiofng Toaxto);   ti  1703-nii (Zhefng Khonghy 42-nii), Hokkiexn Tengciw ee Khehkaf-laang jiblaai Lohaxn-Mngg kab Goax'mngg ittaix (hiexnkym ee Kohioong-Koan Laix'mngg-Hiofng hwkin) khaikhurn.
   Jinbiin boeq khaikhurn thoftoe, tioh arnciaux itteng ee thengsuu hioxng kvoahuo sinzherng.   Siwsiefn tioh khix
Koaxnhuo ee sofzai-toe 
sinzherng thoftoe-khaikhurn-
koaan, siafbeeng khaikhurn hittoe ee thofmiaa, tafng-say-
laam-pag ee kaesvoax.   Uixboeq phiahbiern hoatsefng-
tioh ka goanlaai hoftiok-poxlok ee kaecie chimhoan ee su, iafsi
kab padlaang ee thoftoe tengthaq ee zexngheeng, kvoahuo ciu phaix laang siefn khix kharmzaf, koq ciofng sinzherng-sw ti hiaf kongkox 5-korgoeh.  Na bolaang thezhud vixgi, ciaq hoatkib khaikhurn-cipciaux.
    Khaikhurn-ho sinzherng-tioh cipciaux y'au, ciu ciof tiexnloong laai ciongsu sidzex ee thokkhurn-kangzog.   Y na oextaxng ti sor-kuiteng ee kikafn-lai khaikhurn sengkofng, ciu hioxng zernghuo kiawlap 
'cviarkefng', afnny ciu thafng tittioh hit'ee khaikhurn-toe ee sof'iuo-koaan.
    Iuu citthox "Khwnho-Zex" ciu koq hoattiern-zhud 
"Toax'siofzof-Zex".   Zef si in'ui khaikhurn-ho hioxng kvoahuo sinzherng ee thoftoe thongsioong lorng si toa-binzeg, sof'ie mxsi kaki oextaxng kengzog ee.  In'ui afnny, ciu ka thoftoe koahhwn laai pwn ho "Khwntien" khix khaikhurn.  Cit'ee sizun, Khwntien ciu hioxng Giab'ho (goaan-khaikhurn-ho) kiawlap itteng ee toexzof, kiorzox "Toaxzof" ee.  Khwntien koq khix ciolaai kuynax'ee "Kengtien" laai sidzex kengzog.
Ciah'ee kengtien ia tioh kaw
toexzof, cviazox "Siofzof". 
   Teq siw Toaxzof ee Giabho 
(khaikhurn-ho) ciu kiorzox "Toaxzof-ho", ar teq siw Siofzof ee khwntien ciu kiorzox "Siofzof-ho".   Citkhoarn ee koanhe, u chinchviu kin'afjit teq zozhux ee sii ee "Toa-zhuozuo" tuix "Sior-zhuozuo". 
   Hitsii, tuliao thafng hioxng 
kvoahuo zhefngniar thoftoe ygoa, Harnjiin ia u ka goanzuxbiin zof thoftoe laai kengzog ee zengheeng.   Sof'ie ti "Toaxzof-ho"ee tiongkafn ma u goanzuxbiin; yn tuy Harnjiin tengsiw ee toaxzof, kiorzox "Hoafn-toaxzof", ar Harnjiin ka thoftoe zof ho padlaang kengzog ee sii ciu tengsiw "Siofzof". 
   Thoftoe boeq khaikhurn ee sii, ofng'orng in'ui bixnzeg thaix-toa, mxsi korjiin oextaxng huxtafm ee. Afnny ciu u kuynax'ee-laang habzw-habkor laai khaikhurn ee.   Zoex-iwmiaa ee si 1709-nii (Zhefng Khonghy 48-nii) iuu 5-ee Zoanciw-laang, ciuxsi Taan Hiernpeq, Taan Hongzhwn, Loa Efnghoo, Taan Thienzhw, Tex Thienzhw, sor-zoseeng ee "Tanloaxciofng" Khwnho.  Zef si ti Taipag-penggoaan ee khaikhwn-siong, Harnguo-zogjiin khaq-toa kuiboo ee thoksit-kongsy ee khaisie.   Ti Taioaan, u cviazoe sofzai ee toexmiaa kiorzox "~kor". "~hwn", "~hun" ee, chinchviu Gvofkor, Chitkor, Kawhwn, Thauhun, terng, si teq hoafn'ioxng-tioh tngnii cibzw-habkor laai khaihoad thoftoe ee zoxnghorng.
    Tuliao "Tanloaxciofng" Khwnho teq khaihoad Taipag-Phuntoe ygoa, ti 18-seakie-boat Goo Soaf ma ciobo Ciofng-Zoaan-Kheq ee liubiin, jibkhix khaikhurn Katmaflaan (Gilaan), koq ti 1831-nii (Zhefng Toxkofng 11-nii) Kiofng Siuoloaan, Ciw Pangzexng terng ee laang zoseeng "Kimkofnghog" Khwnho, ti Sinteg tanglaam ee svoakhw khaihoad.   Zef lorng si Harn'guo-zogjiin ti Taioaan ee khaithog-suo-siong ee toaxsu.  Taxnsi tuy goanzuxbiin ee libtviuu laai khvoax, khiog ia si jiogsex-zogkuun siuxtioh 
chim'ab ee hietlui-suo. 
原著: 李筱峰教授        台文翻譯: 林繼雄教授